Impact of Religion on American History to 1877 - 934 Words

Evidence throughout American history confirms religion has significantly contributed to the evolution of our culture. Multiple events have contributed, including politics, people and weather. Politics and people are widely impacted by religion. Religion is the primary cause of most wars in countries across the world. Many historians believe America was formed on the basis of religion. In this research paper, I will illustrate the impact religion had on American History to 1877. Specifically, it will examine: 1) Major events impacting traditional religious beliefs in America, 2) Religious disputes which impacted land development, and 3) The impact religion had on slavery. Religion is closely tied to events like the Protestant†¦show more content†¦Protestants and Catholics believed religious unity was a critical component to societal existence. The Great Awakening was a precursor to the American Revolution, which ultimately aligned the Republicans and Protestants. Combined into one movement for illustration, it was one of the most significant events in the development of land and politics in the United States (Kerber, 1990). It began in the 1730’s and 1740’s. Pastor Jonathan Edwards, from Massachusetts, started the Great Awakening by affirming the need for God’s grace. He emphasized the need for dependence on grace instead of works alone. Edwards’ doctrine was further expanded by the exuberant preaching of George Whitehead. He led numerous revivals proclaiming God’s divine omnipotence. Their works during the movement revitalized religion in America forever. It removed boundaries between some denominations and created numerous others (Cengage Learning, 2013). Another event significantly impacted by religion in the United States was slavery. Religious freedom was a luxury in Colonial America. Many religions believed slavery was an act of charity. Owning a slave was an extension of their faith. Some religious scholars believed the very root of American slavery consisted in the assumption that political and spiritual law (the bible) reduced men to chattels (Stroud, 1827). Others believed slavery created a paradox in the moral system, reducingShow MoreRelatedEssay on Did Religion Impact American History?561 Words   |  3 PagesEvidence throughout American history, confirms religion has significantly contributed to the evolution of our culture. Multiple events have contributed, including politics, people and weather. Politics and people are widely impacted by religion. Religion is the primary cause of most wars in countries across the world. Many historians believe America was formed on the basis of religion. In this research pape r, I will illustrate the impact religion had on American History to 1877. Specifically,Read More 1870-1880 Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesWar. America was going through a period called Reconstruction. Tensions were fairly high and an air of freedom was present throughout the nation. By 1877, it was obvious the United States was beginning to develop into a recognizably modern economic system of making, earning, spending, and living (Brown 60). In 1880, â€Å"over half of American workers worked on farms and only one in twenty worked on manufacturing† (Brown 59). Farmers outnumbered factory by a large number, but factories were stillRead MoreSocial Studies Grade 8 : Immigration Research Project1677 Words   |  7 PagesProtestant Huguenots, immigration was a last option as they were stripped of their rights unless they converted to Roman Catholicism. When coming to the United States, French Immigrants looked for freedom, stability, safety, and opportunity. Their impac ts on American society weren t major and mainly were small-scale and affected a few individuals. The U.S offered so much opportunity that people continued to immigrate, even after America s bloodiest war, the Civil War. 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Explain the Functions of Assessment in Learning and...

1. Understand the principles and requirements of assessment 1.1Explain the function of assessment in learning and development Assessment is carried out to ensure that learning has taken place. It measures the learner’s knowledge and skills in their learning area. Assessment encourages learners to ask questions on anything they have not fully understood, as learners know that they will have to prove their knowledge and understanding to the standards of the awarding body. Learning and development are both connected. The learner needs guidance to understand what it is they have to learn, if they are on track and how they may improve. Assessment is essential for this to happen. There will be observation, teaching one to one to assess†¦show more content†¦Assessment has to be fair, consistent and valid to ensure all learners have an equal and fair chance of receiving a fair assessment. An assessor cannot be persuaded to give a learner an easier assessment because they favour that learner. The assessment process may have to be adapted to be suitable to the learner’s needs but, needs to eventually lead to the same outcome. Another key principle is Validity. This is just as important as reliability and the assessor needs to question if the assessed task actually showed what it was supposed to. It is also important that the tasks you are assessing are relevant. When devising an assessment task it is important that it addresses the skills you want the learner to develop but that it is also in a context with a sense of real purpose to the learner. 2.3 The responsibilities of the assessor The role of the assessor is to make an informed judgement about the range of evidence the learner has completed to show their competence to meet the assessment criteria. The assessor must also maintain objectivity. Other responsibilities of the assessor are; to carry out assessments in accordance with specifications and documentation. They must ensure that evidence provided by the learner is sufficient to meet the requirements. They must provide feedback to the learner about their performance and achievement. They areShow MoreRelated1.1 Explain the Functions of Assessment in Learning and Development1058 Words   |  5 Pages1 explain the functions of assessment in learning and development During the initial assessment, the assessor must introduce themselves to the learner and ensure that they understand what the course is. The assessor must explain all the units to the learner ad support them in choosing the most suitable units. The assessor and the candidate must then decide on an assessment plan. 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It measures the learner’s attainmentRead MoreUnit D6015313 Assess Workbook851 Words   |  4 Pagespractices of assessment Assessment Workbook Learner Name:  ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­_________________________________________________ Assessor Name: _________________________________________________ 1.1 Explain the function of assessment in learning and development What is the function of assessment in learning and development? 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It explains several cognitive impairments related to the elderly. Last, it details cognitive assessment used to detection and measurement of cognitive impairments in the elderly. Case Study A 78-year-old woman presented to her primary care physicianRead MoreThe Key Functions of Internal Quality Assurance915 Words   |  4 PagesEXPLAIN THE FUNCTIONS OF INTERNAL QUALITY ASSURANCE IN LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT. Before looking at the functions of an internal quality assurer (IQA) role it is beneficial to understand what quality assurance is and why it has been established within the learning process. ‘Quality assurance can be defined as a system to monitor and evaluate a product or a service.’ Pg122 Assessors handbook It is the role of the IQA to uphold and maintain the credibility of the qualifications undertaken by candidatesRead MorePersonal Development and Hr1445 Words   |  6 Pagesdocument needs to be attached to every assignment submission. 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Why We Should Save Natural Resources Free Essays

Why We should save natural resources because if we don’t, life will die out Have you ever wondered what would happen to the earth if we used all of the natural resources? Is it a possibility that this would happen in the near future? Well, at the current rate of resources being used it might happen. Renewable resources can Be used more than once. On the other hand non-renewable resources cannot be restored after being used once it’s used. We will write a custom essay sample on Why We Should Save Natural Resources or any similar topic only for you Order Now Additionally non-renewable resources are in limited supply and be used once. Examples of these resources are Coal,oil and natural Gasses, they are known to be fossil fuels; They take millions of years to form. They have to be mined or drilled from deposits deep within the earth. And the Reason we should save them is because if we don’t what will we have left for example if we use too much paper we will end up cutting down all the tree’s on earth causing the CO2 level’s to go to high and kill us all. That is why my family save all paper we use and double side our work. The Future of our economy lies in how much we use natural resources. And according to the Political Economy of Natural Resources â€Å"The Development and taking of Resources leads to wars among countries and within countries†(the Political Economy of Natural Resources) And if natural resources Cost more money guess who suffers? The people do, Such as if we use up all our oil the price for a car and it’s maintenance would be very high. And Gail Tverberg believes â€Å"If the price of oil goes up the price of everything goes up† Natural resources don’t only affect the economy but the environment too. Natural resources are found throughout nature. So when we use it up the environment suffers to most. Without forests in certain areas will never have forests again. So by cutting down trees you are basically abusing the earth. And a source states â€Å"That forested area are decreasing 1% every year† so basically in about 100 years we will die unless we stop cutting down trees and planting more of them. And half the world’s forest has already been cut down so without the trees what will stop the the soil erosion will permanently destroy the land and if that land is destroyed. And if the land is destroyed what will trap the Carbon dioxide or give oxygen. So if we take the natural resources, the bionetwork = earth abuse = no life after some amount of years. The world’s population has grown over the years, and because of this, more resources are needed. and as more people are born there is fossil fuels used because we need to heat more people’s heating bills and electricity. So the More people born then dead in a day can make the years the earth have less. And i have a some reasons why hydrogen should be our fuel until we can plant enough trees for soil erosion to go away and to get some more natural resources Reasons= It is colorless and odorless it is not a fossil fuel With the right technology using hydrogen, the sun and the wind we could get enough energy to power the whole US in 1 year. and after all the whole us is been powered stably we could store that energy and within 10 year we could have power to power the whole planet for at least 2 full years and all of the power is coming from renewable sources. And 90% of it is produced from natural gas after we make it pure it will be able to power almost everything including automobile, heat, electricity, and water Clean burning fuel It does’t emit greenhouse gasses which ruins the ozone layer Although Nonrenewable can be made from water (which has 2 part hydrogen and 1 part oxygen) and the sun. It can be made without mining from a limited supply It can be replenished through a natural processes it is the simplest element with only one proton and one eletron. How to cite Why We Should Save Natural Resources, Essay examples

Strategic Planning For Public Relations -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Strategic Planning For Public Relations? Answer: Introduction UniLodge is an Australian company that provides students with holistic accommodation facilities. Currently, the company owns over 60 properties that are distributed around Australia and New Zealand making it a market leader. UniLodges unique selling points include the provision of quality, innovative, efficient and amazing student living experiences. Therefore, this crisis communication plan helping UniLodge to manage any potential crisis and to mitigate any severe consequences on the organization and students if such cases arises. The companys primary objective is to ensure that the students and other important stakeholders such as parents feel secure and have a peace of mind. The UniLodges Public Relations department has been tasked with managing all information in case of any crisis. Crisis Situation UniLodge PR department defines a possible crisis as (Wilcox, Ault, Agee, 2006): Any situations that may necessitate a speedy and well-coordinated action Any condition that may have significant impact on the operations and market reputation of the company. Objectives of this crisis communication plan Undeniably, every organization recognizes the inherent need to adequately prepare comprehensive responses in case of an emergency or crisis. Such responses must include various relevant policies that can effectively coordinate internal and external scrutiny and communications and seal any possible damage to an organization. Once UniLodge PR team have established that an emergency or a crisis exists, this crisis communication plan will be fully and strictly implemented. As such, the following are the objectives of this crisis communication plan: To prepare UniLodge workforce and management to effectively and quickly manage emergency communications To help UniLodge employees to adequately respond to a crisis in a cohesive manner full of professionalism To strategically help UniLodge to manage the distribution of critical and sensitive data and information to the public and media To identify main spokesperson(s) for UniLodge during crisis situations This crisis communication plan will help UniLodge to avail factual data and information that aim at repairing or sustaining the companys image during a crisis. The information released to the public during such times must depict the company as a reliable partner with stronger values. In general, a crisis communication plan is an important brand positioning strategy that can be used by UniLodge to create positive opportunities to market itself. Therefore, the primary purpose of this crisis communication plan is to provide a clear course of actions during crisis that will help UniLodge to reinforce its position as a market leader. Notably, the content of this crisis communication plan will be used by UniLodge staff and other stakeholders to administer and effectively evaluate all aspects of communication especially during crisis (Wilcox, Ault, Agee, 2006). Possible crisis situations The following are possible crisis that UniLodges personnel, customers and other relevant stakeholders could face. The analysis of these possible crisis scenarios aim at helping UniLodge to anticipate and adequately prepare to face such challenges (Grunig, 2013). There is a possibility of car breaks given that UniLodge residents have to park in the Casuarina shopping centre which is relatively unsafe There is a possibility of vandalism cases in Darwin particularly from kids who occasionally breaks into peoples cars to steal valuables The possibility of fire incidences is also a serious crisis that can significantly affect the operations of the company. This is because some of the property residents occasionally forgets and burn food when cooking resulting into smoke that sometimes triggers fire alarms Poor surveillance at the facilities is also a possible crisis that need a clear response plan. For example, given that there are no security guards who can adequately patrol the premises may result into a security crisis Crisis communication policies Employees should promptly report any crisis scenario to the General Manager immediately it is detected Only the official spokesperson(s) are allowed to release any information regarding the crisis to the media and public The PR department will direct and coordinate every response to the crisis Any comment by the staff on the ongoing crisis must be professional and transparent The staff are required to remain discreet and confidential when responding to the crisis situation UniLodge insist on opportune, practical, receptive and action-leaning responses UniLodge stresses on maintaining a positive relationship with the media and public during crisis to augment confidence in their services and products Action Plan and detailed crisis communication plan To ensure a quick, precise, thoughtful and accountable response to a crisis situation, UniLodge will ensure there is an effective coordination of communication processes (Sriramesh Vercic, 2003). Specifically, during an emergency situation, the Managing Director will serve as will serve as the official companys spokesperson and assisted by the PR Manager who will be the designated backup. The PR team and other UniLodge staff will refer any question from the public and media to the designated spokespersons. The following are the appropriate action plans during a crisis: The companys General Manager will determine whether there should be an official statement to immediately respond to the crisis The PR team will formulate relevant responses The PR team will share their thoughts with the crisis communication team and other key staff (including the manager) who will then strategically deliberate on how to manage the communication surrounding the crisis The manager will determine how the information should be disseminated The manager will discuss the statement and responses with the employees and any other relevant stakeholder before going public UniLodge management should then ensure that all the students and employees are safe Similarly, the following are the general important steps that UniLodge will follow to ensure an effective management of any crisis situation. Adequate internal preparations for a possible crisis Promptly notify the CEO and other relevant players Account for the safety of students and staff at the facility Institute a crisis communication team that will analytically review the situation and develop appropriate strategy Direct the crisis communication team to develop key messages that will be used to respond to all media and public inquiries Notify UniLodge staff on the existence of the crisis Alert the companys marketing department and board to ensure that there is promptness in responding to the crisis Distribute media releases through the identified channels Public and Media Relations UniLodge will assess its relationship with the media especially during moments of crisis. To ensure a positive relation with the media, UniLodge will ensure that they remain frank and courteous when responding to their questions (Curtis et al., 2010). The crisis management team members will be required to avail themselves for interviews or any other interaction with the media and public once sanctioned by the relevant managers. Therefore, before going public, UniLodge will specifically ensure that there is: A crisis communication lead person (General Manager) who will coordinate all the responses A spokesperson who will directly respond to questions from the media and public A comprehensive assessment of the crisis situation and establish relevant facts A holistic response to the crisis An effective plan that can be used to coordinate internal and external communications A competent PR team that can help the spokesperson to effectively manage the media, contact the companys partners and accurately record the crisis Similarly, when going public, UniLodge should ensure that: They reach out through phone calls to important internal audiences that may include all staff members They initiate an effective media and public outreach campaigns The companys website and all other social media sites are updated with relevant information concerning the crisis The companys voice mail is frequently updated to capture any critical information from the stakeholders The effectiveness the PR messages constantly evaluated during the crisis The companys key audiences are constantly updated with the progress on crisis management There is adequate distribution of post-crisis communications to the key audiences A PR crisis communication staff briefing note Prompt response to the arising issues during crisis situations is a fundamental component of this plan. UniLodge aim at developing a clear and consistent response to the situation (Botan Hazleton, 2010). While the designated spokesperson will be tasked with controlling the flow of information, UniLodge will issue a detailed staff briefing note that will sustain consistency in reporting and perceptions. An integral component to effective crisis communication is prompt response to diverse issues that are likely to jeopardise the operations of the company. The company should first develop a fast response to the crisis to ensure clarity and consistency in reporting (Dozier, Grunig Grunig, 2013). Correspondingly, the company should appoint a single spokesperson to avoid uncontrolled flow of information and sustain its consistency in reporting the crisis. The briefing note should be based on the following stages of crisis communication: The briefing note will detail how the staff should behave during a crisis based on the 5Cs of crisis communications. UniLodge will use the five Cs of communication crisis to avail pertinent attributes that the companys PR manager and employees must assume when facing the press and interviews. The first attribute is depiction of competency as this will help UniLodge to maintain public confidence. The second C stands for credibility and stresses on the inherent ability of the designated spokesperson to carefully rely information during crisis without any contradiction (Newsom, Turk, Kruckeberg, 2012). The spokespersons will not appear to be defending the company but rather should stick to explaining the organizations response strategies. The next C stands for commitment and entail directing the staff to set and maintain the right tone when addressing a crisis. This include an expression of a strong assurance that the company is doing everything possible to address the problem. The next C denotes caring and stresses on the significance of remaining compassionate and expressing genuine regret on behalf of UniLodge. The final C examines the companys capability of arriving at applicable solutions to the crisis. At this particular stage, UniLodge will issue various statements to the media and allow the employees to undertake interviews (Grunig, 2009). At this stage, the public and media are expected to develop diverse perceptions and elucidations about the crisis, and are more likely to start directing blames to some imagined figures or situations (Smith, 2013). As such, UniLodges PR team should ensure that the companys brand reputation is protected by issuing flawless statements about the crisis and effectively address the speculations surrounding the crisis. At this final stage, UniLodge will ensure a full restoration of their reputation that may have been damaged as a result of the crisis. This final stage is important because it will enable UniLodge to reinforce public trust and confidence (Veil, Buehner, Palenchar, 2011). The company will achieve this through ensuring that every outcome of internal investigations on the crisis are provided to the public and media. Important attachments that will accompany the crisis communication plan Students Employees External stakeholders include: MediaPrint and Electronic Families of Dwellers Families of Employees Donors Surrounding communities The spokesperson should: Demonstrate deep concern about the affected individuals Clearly explicate how UniLodge is remedying the crisis Be consistent and should never contradict the official position of the company Remain transparent, straightforward and provide detailed information on the crisis Never give a no comment response when addressing the media Never rely on speculations or speak off the record Be readily available to respond to inquiries from the media and public Issue written statements to the media The first alert will involve: Notifying the General Manager about the crisis Evaluating the condition and level of impact and informing relevant stakeholders Issuing official statement on the companys position The second step will involve: Gathering acknowledged specifics Informing the companys stakeholders about the crisis Verifying the nature and scope of the crisis Establishing the number of casualties Crafting various messages to be released to the media The third step will involve: Verifying and sustaining the flow of information Constantly updating relevant authorities on the progress Extensive consultations with other important stakeholders The fourth step will involve: Choosing a designated media spokesperson Designing and discussing media strategies The general manager approving press releases Reviewing various strategies that the company will use to deal with the media The firth step will involve: Proceeding with the media releases Informing the media of subsequent updates Making follow-ups on media questions The last step will involve: Monitoring media coverage Assessing and correcting possible inaccuracies Advising the media on any significant development Evaluating the general effectiveness of this crisis communication plan The threeimportant messagesthat will be communicated during this crisis will include (Coombs, 2014) The number of casualties The amount of property damaged The causes of the crisis The reprieve efforts The extent of impact Possible legal redresses The management of UniLodge will hold a crisis and the following will be some of the agenda (Ulmer et al., 2013): A comprehensive situation report on the crisis How the company first responded to the crisis Relations with the media during the crisis Short-term responses and communication processes Date for the next meeting Communication methods Worksheet Stakeholder Method of Communication Residing students Direct phone calls Employees Direct phone calls Media (Print/Electronic) Press releases Families of students Emails Families of Employees Emails Donors Emails Surrounding communities Flyers Prospective clients Press releases Evaluating the crisis communication plan Whether the company was successful in implementing the plan What processes needs special improvements What the company learnt from the crisis Conclusion In general, UniLodge should ensure improved openness to the public and media by releasing detailed information on the crisis and remaining as straightforward as possible. This will depict the organizations genuine tenacity towards deciphering the crisis and address any other arising concern. This sentiment is supported by Fearn-Banks (2016) who argued that an effective crisis communication should provide accurate and consistent information to the media and public to strengthen the respective companys image. This explains why UniLodge has placed more emphasis on its effective crisis communication among other public relations plans (Lando, 2014). Indeed, a crisis can cause irreparable damages to the reputation of a company is not mitigated properly and promptly. Remarkably, an instrumental element in crisis communication is ensuring consistency in responses to preserve the credibility and image of a company. This is what this UniLodge crisis communication plan aim at achieving both in the short and long-run. References Botan, C. H., Hazleton, V. (Eds.). (2010).Public relations theory II. Routledge. Coombs, W. T. (2014).Ongoing crisis communication: Planning, managing, and responding. Sage Publications. Curtis, L., Edwards, C., Fraser, K. L., Gudelsky, S., Holmquist, J., Thornton, K., Sweetser, K. D. (2010). Adoption of social media for public relations by nonprofit organizations.Public Relations Review,36(1), 90-92. Daymon, C., Holloway, I. (2010).Qualitative research methods in public relations and marketing communications. Routledge. De Wolf, D. (2013). Crisis communication failures: The BP case study.International Journal of Advances in Management and Economics,2(2), 48-56. Dozier, D. M., Grunig, L. A., Grunig, J. E. (2013).Manager's guide to excellence in public relations and communication management. Routledge. Fearn-Banks, K. (2016).Crisis communications: A casebook approach. Routledge. Ferrante, P. (2010). Risk crisis communication: Essential skills for todays SHE professional.Professional Safety,55(06), 38-45. Grunig, J. E. (2009). Paradigms of global public relations in an age of digitalisation.PRism,6(2), 1-19. Grunig, J. E. (Ed.). (2013).Excellence in public relations and communication management. Routledge. Heide, M., Simonsson, C. (2014). Developing internal crisis communication: New roles and practices of communication professionals.Corporate Communications: An International Journal,19(2), 128-146. Johansen, W., Aggerholm, H. K., Frandsen, F. (2012). Entering new territory: A study of internal crisis management and crisis communication in organizations.Public Relations Review,38(2), 270-279. Lando, A. L. (2014). The critical role of crisis communication plan in corporations' crises preparedness and management.Global Media Journal,7(1), 5. Newsom, D., Turk, J., Kruckeberg, D. (2012).Cengage Advantage Books: This is PR: The Realities of Public Relations. Cengage Learning. Palttala, P., Vos, M. (2012). Quality indicators for crisis communication to support emergency management by public authorities.Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management,20(1), 39-51. Smith, R. D. (2013).Strategic planning for public relations. Routledge. Sriramesh, K., Vercic, D. (Eds.). (2003).The global public relations handbook: Theory, research, and practice. Routledge. Ulmer, R. R., Sellnow, T. L., Seeger, M. W. (2013).Effective crisis communication: Moving from crisis to opportunity. Sage Publications. Veil, S. R., Buehner, T., Palenchar, M. J. (2011). A work?in?process literature review: Incorporating social media in risk and crisis communication.Journal of contingencies and crisis management,19(2), 110-122.